油浸式變壓器使用熒光光纖測溫
油浸式變壓器使用熒光光纖測溫
超高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)浸式(shi)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)溫度(du)(du)(du)實時監測(ce)是保障變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)運行的(de)重要部(bu)(bu)分, 現有(you)的(de)超高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)浸式(shi)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)溫度(du)(du)(du)是通(tong)過繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)溫度(du)(du)(du)計(ji)算(suan)(suan)模(mo)型推(tui)算(suan)(suan)而來。變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)熱(re)點溫度(du)(du)(du), 除了(le)線圈發熱(re)通(tong)過熱(re)傳(chuan)(chuan)遞引起其他位置(zhi)溫度(du)(du)(du)的(de)變(bian)(bian)化外, 還與變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)線圈附近的(de)磁通(tong)量有(you)關, 通(tong)過模(mo)型推(tui)算(suan)(suan)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)溫度(du)(du)(du)分布, 誤差(cha)較大。基(ji)于(yu)熒光(guang)余暉衰減特性與溫度(du)(du)(du)關系, 研究出一種熒光(guang)光(guang)纖溫度(du)(du)(du)傳(chuan)(chuan)感技(ji)術, 給(gei)出了(le)傳(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)(qi)熒光(guang)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)特性、結構封裝, 驗證(zheng)了(le)傳(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)(qi)的(de)測(ce)溫精度(du)(du)(du)和所使用材(cai)(cai)料(liao)的(de)安全可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)性。油(you)(you)浸式(shi)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)熒光(guang)光(guang)纖溫度(du)(du)(du)監測(ce)系統已(yi)經成功應用500kV以上超高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)等級油(you)(you)浸式(shi)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)中, 實現了(le)超高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)油(you)(you)浸式(shi)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)內(nei)(nei)(nei)部(bu)(bu)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)(zu)溫度(du)(du)(du)真正意義(yi)上的(de)在線監測(ce)。
為什么要使用熒光光纖溫度傳感器監測油浸式變壓器繞阻溫度
變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)是電(dian)網一(yi)次(ci)設備的(de)(de)(de)重要組成部分, 變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)繞組熱(re)點(dian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)是決(jue)定(ding)其絕(jue)緣(yuan)壽命的(de)(de)(de)主要因(yin)素(su)(su)。油浸式電(dian)力變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)測(ce)(ce)量技術(shu)(shu)受(shou)制(zhi)于(yu)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)內部環(huan)境高電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)、大(da)電(dian)流、高絕(jue)緣(yuan)以及強電(dian)磁場干擾的(de)(de)(de)影響, 基(ji)于(yu)傳(chuan)(chuan)統電(dian)信號測(ce)(ce)量技術(shu)(shu)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)電(dian)偶、熱(re)電(dian)阻傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)無法滿足變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)內部繞組熱(re)點(dian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)測(ce)(ce)量的(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)(shu)需(xu)求。目(mu)前, 適(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)直接(jie)測(ce)(ce)量變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)繞組溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)只(zhi)能選用(yong)(yong)(yong)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)。半導體光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)屬于(yu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)強或波(bo)長調制(zhi)型(xing)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi), 實(shi)際(ji)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)過程中容易受(shou)到溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)源強度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)微彎效益、耦(ou)合損耗等因(yin)素(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)影響, 受(shou)干擾情況比較(jiao)嚴重。基(ji)于(yu)拉曼/布里淵(yuan)散射(she)的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)測(ce)(ce)量精(jing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、空(kong)間分辨(bian)率和測(ce)(ce)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)范圍相互制(zhi)約, 保持幾個攝氏度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)測(ce)(ce)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)誤差(cha), 其空(kong)間定(ding)位(wei)誤差(cha)在(zai)1m左右(you), 對于(yu)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)內部使用(yong)(yong)(yong)誤差(cha)較(jiao)大(da)。光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)基(ji)于(yu)波(bo)長信號解調, 但光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵在(zai)原理上會受(shou)壓(ya)(ya)力、應(ying)力、形變(bian)等等其他因(yin)素(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)干擾, 對光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)柵的(de)(de)(de)封(feng)裝要求非常(chang)高。
500KV油浸式變壓器熒光光纖測溫系統
伴(ban)隨著光(guang)(guang)電子技術的發(fa)展, 熒光(guang)(guang)光(guang)(guang)纖(xian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度傳感(gan)器(qi)擁(yong)有體積小、耐(nai)高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)、耐(nai)超高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)、抗腐蝕、絕緣(yuan)性(xing)能好、性(xing)價比高(gao)、不受應力振(zhen)動干擾等(deng)諸多優勢(shi), 能夠突破其他光(guang)(guang)纖(xian)測溫(wen)(wen)(wen)技術的局限, 非(fei)常適合油浸式變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)內部(bu)(bu)繞組(zu)熱點溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度的測量。目(mu)前可以實現500kV以上變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)內部(bu)(bu)繞組(zu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度監(jian)測，直接采用包括熒光(guang)(guang)光(guang)(guang)纖(xian)測溫(wen)(wen)(wen)。針(zhen)對高(gao)等(deng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)設計要(yao)求, 特別設計了耐(nai)受高(gao)等(deng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的光(guang)(guang)纖(xian)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度探(tan)頭(tou), 并經過工頻耐(nai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)及(ji)雷電沖擊試驗, 完全(quan)達到變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)內部(bu)(bu)高(gao)等(deng)級(ji)(ji)(ji)電壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)安裝(zhuang)要(yao)求。
油浸式變壓器熒光光纖溫度監測系統構成及傳感器基本原理
熒(ying)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)溫(wen)度(du)(du)監測系(xi)統(tong)主(zhu)(zhu)要由熒(ying)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)溫(wen)度(du)(du)傳感器(qi)、貫通(tong)器(qi)、光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)跳(tiao)線、熒(ying)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)解(jie)調主(zhu)(zhu)機、監控(kong)軟件組(zu)成。熒(ying)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)溫(wen)度(du)(du)傳感器(qi)是該系(xi)統(tong)中的感溫(wen)部(bu)(bu)分(fen), 也是唯一安裝在(zai)變壓(ya)器(qi)內部(bu)(bu)的部(bu)(bu)件。貫通(tong)器(qi)被(bei)安裝在(zai)變壓(ya)器(qi)壁上, 用于連接內部(bu)(bu)熒(ying)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)溫(wen)度(du)(du)傳感器(qi)和外部(bu)(bu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)跳(tiao)線, 起到(dao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)學聯通(tong)并能(neng)(neng)夠達到(dao)隔油密封(feng)的作用, 能(neng)(neng)夠承(cheng)受的壓(ya)力約7MPa。熒(ying)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)解(jie)調主(zhu)(zhu)機用來解(jie)調熒(ying)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)纖(xian)溫(wen)度(du)(du)傳感器(qi)傳送(song)出(chu)來的光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)學信號解(jie)析(xi)(xi)出(chu)溫(wen)度(du)(du)。溫(wen)度(du)(du)信號再通(tong)過485總線方式輸(shu)出(chu)至上位機監控(kong)軟件, 實(shi)時(shi)讀出(chu)、保存、分(fen)析(xi)(xi)溫(wen)度(du)(du)數據。
油浸式變壓器熒光光纖測溫系統原理
熒(ying)(ying)光(guang)物質(zhi)的(de)(de)發光(guang)是能量(liang)(liang)高(gao)的(de)(de)光(guang)照射熒(ying)(ying)光(guang)物質(zhi), 激發出比其能量(liang)(liang)低的(de)(de)熒(ying)(ying)光(guang), 激發出的(de)(de)熒(ying)(ying)光(guang)強(qiang)度隨時間成指數規律衰(shuai)減(jian)。根(gen)據《光(guang)子學報》, 稀土熒(ying)(ying)光(guang)特(te)性與(yu)溫(wen)度關(guan)系推算到(dao)熒(ying)(ying)光(guang)衰(shuai)減(jian)時間與(yu)溫(wen)度有這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)關(guan)系, 即熒(ying)(ying)光(guang)衰(shuai)減(jian)時間是溫(wen)度參數的(de)(de)單(dan)值(zhi)函數, 溫(wen)度升高(gao), 熒(ying)(ying)光(guang)壽(shou)命減(jian)小(xiao), 通(tong)過(guo)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)熒(ying)(ying)光(guang)壽(shou)命可(ke)以(yi)得到(dao)溫(wen)度值(zhi), 利用該方法(fa)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)溫(wen)度只取決于(yu)熒(ying)(ying)光(guang)壽(shou)命, 而與(yu)其他參量(liang)(liang)無關(guan)。
熒光光纖溫度傳感器安裝油浸式變壓器
具有絕(jue)(jue)緣固定塊的(de)抗軸向拉(la)力設(she)(she)計, 配合油浸式變壓器(qi)用絕(jue)(jue)緣墊塊的(de)開(kai)孔, 能夠將熒光(guang)(guang)光(guang)(guang)纖溫(wen)度(du)傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)牢固地安裝在(zai)變壓器(qi)的(de)線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)內。通常變壓器(qi)內部線(xian)圈(quan)(quan)繞好后, 在(zai)套(tao)裝過(guo)程(cheng)中即(ji)可進(jin)行熒光(guang)(guang)光(guang)(guang)纖溫(wen)度(du)傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)的(de)安裝。在(zai)變壓器(qi)絕(jue)(jue)緣墊塊上根據設(she)(she)定的(de)尺寸進(jin)行開(kai)孔, 隨著絕(jue)(jue)緣墊塊一起將熒光(guang)(guang)光(guang)(guang)纖溫(wen)度(du)傳(chuan)感(gan)(gan)器(qi)裝在(zai)變壓器(qi)繞組(zu)內。
熒光(guang)(guang)光(guang)(guang)纖測溫(wen)傳(chuan)感器(qi)感溫(wen)部分需要安裝在被檢測的(de)變壓器(qi)內部熱點(dian)上, 連接器(qi)端通過貫(guan)通器(qi)連接到測溫(wen)主機(ji)上, 對熒光(guang)(guang)信(xin)號進行解析并實時顯示溫(wen)度值。數據(ju)通過485總(zong)線(xian)傳(chuan)輸到監視上位機(ji), 上位機(ji)能夠顯示實時溫(wen)度曲線(xian)并將溫(wen)度保(bao)存在后臺數據(ju)庫中。實現整個溫(wen)度監測系統(tong)的(de)運(yun)行。
熒光光纖傳感器的優點
熒(ying)(ying)(ying)光(guang)光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)(qi)成功應用到超高電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)等級油浸式變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)中, 解(jie)決了(le)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)內部由于(yu)高壓(ya)環(huan)境的局限難以(yi)對(dui)溫(wen)度(du)進行實時(shi)監控的難題, 克服了(le)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)統(tong)測(ce)溫(wen)技術在電(dian)(dian)力系(xi)(xi)統(tong)應用的不(bu)足。熒(ying)(ying)(ying)光(guang)光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)測(ce)溫(wen)監測(ce)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)能夠提供(gong)動態、實時(shi)、安全可靠的高電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)內部環(huan)境的溫(wen)度(du)信(xin)息, 有(you)效地評估變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)運行狀態, 為變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)設計水平和制造(zao)質量提供(gong)數據支持。熒(ying)(ying)(ying)光(guang)光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)(qi)在變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)公(gong)司(si)500k V油浸式變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)中監測(ce)溫(wen)度(du)分布, 是熒(ying)(ying)(ying)光(guang)光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)(qi)在變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)中的成功應用, 也是熒(ying)(ying)(ying)光(guang)光(guang)纖(xian)(xian)傳(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)感器(qi)(qi)在的電(dian)(dian)力系(xi)(xi)統(tong)中的標(biao)志性應用。
