水輪發電(dian)機定子測(ce)溫(wen)(wen)，轉(zhuan)子磁極(ji)測(ce)溫(wen)(wen)、發電(dian)機繞組測(ce)溫(wen)(wen)最好的方式就是(shi)(shi)使用熒光(guang)光(guang)纖測(ce)溫(wen)(wen)、不(bu)是(shi)(shi)熱電(dian)阻測(ce)溫(wen)(wen)、不(bu)是(shi)(shi)無線(xian)紅(hong)外測(ce)溫(wen)(wen)、也不(bu)是(shi)(shi)砷化鎵半(ban)導(dao)體測(ce)溫(wen)(wen)。

水(shui)(shui)力發(fa)電(dian)(dian)在(zai)我(wo)國能(neng)(neng)源工業中所占的比重(zhong)較大。水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)單機(ji)(ji)容量(liang)越來(lai)越大，對電(dian)(dian)網穩定運(yun)(yun)行(xing)的影(ying)響也越來(lai)越大，機(ji)(ji)組(zu)穩定性(xing)(xing)和安全運(yun)(yun)行(xing)狀態直接關系到水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)站的安全，已(yi)成為大中型(xing)水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)的重(zhong)要(yao)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)指標。大量(liang)事實(shi)證明，計劃體制(zhi)維修成本昂貴，維護(hu)時間過(guo)長，自動化程(cheng)度低(di)，還(huan)不能(neng)(neng)完全滿(man)足設備(bei)(bei)日(ri)益增長的維護(hu)需求。實(shi)現“無(wu)(wu)人值守”是電(dian)(dian)站現代化管理的方向，如何保證水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)在(zai)這種管理模式下安全、可靠(kao)的運(yun)(yun)行(xing)，是國內外(wai)近年來(lai)一直研(yan)究的技術問題(ti)。提(ti)高設備(bei)(bei)維護(hu)的針(zhen)對性(xing)(xing)，及(ji)時了解(jie)設備(bei)(bei)的運(yun)(yun)行(xing)狀態，提(ti)高設備(bei)(bei)利用率是解(jie)決這一問題(ti)的有效途徑。轉(zhuan)子繞(rao)組(zu)匝間短(duan)路(lu)是發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)常見的故(gu)障(zhang)，匝間短(duan)路(lu)會形成短(duan)路(lu)電(dian)(dian)流，導(dao)致局部過(guo)熱(re), 降低(di)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)的無(wu)(wu)功(gong)功(gong)率，引起機(ji)(ji)組(zu)振動加(jia)劇，影(ying)響電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)壽命(ming)甚至燒毀(hui)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji),及(ji)時診斷出發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)轉(zhuan)子繞(rao)組(zu)匝間短(duan)路(lu)是保障(zhang)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)正(zheng)常運(yun)(yun)行(xing)的重(zhong)要(yao)手段。

水(shui)輪(lun)發電(dian)機(ji)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)磁(ci)極(ji)主要(yao)由鐵芯、勵磁(ci)繞(rao)組(zu)、阻尼繞(rao)組(zu)、上(shang)下托板等組(zu)成(cheng)，主要(yao)作用是產生(sheng)磁(ci)場(chang)，針對水(shui)輪(lun)發電(dian)機(ji)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)繞(rao)組(zu)匝間短路無法(fa)預警以及短路后故(gu)障點查找困難的(de)問題，華光天銳自主研發的(de)熒光光纖(xian)(xian)(xian)水(shui)輪(lun)發電(dian)機(ji)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)磁(ci)極(ji)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度監測(ce)系(xi)統。光纖(xian)(xian)(xian)測(ce)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)系(xi)統采(cai)用熒光光纖(xian)(xian)(xian)接觸式測(ce)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)方法(fa)對水(shui)輪(lun)發電(dian)機(ji)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)繞(rao)組(zu)每一個(ge)磁(ci)極(ji)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度進(jin)行監測(ce)，并以數(shu)值溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度的(de)形式顯(xian)示，采(cai)用光纖(xian)(xian)(xian)測(ce)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)方法(fa)對轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度進(jin)行測(ce)量。給出了(le)實時(shi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度數(shu)據，并進(jin)行了(le)分析(xi)。分析(xi)結果表明，光纖(xian)(xian)(xian)測(ce)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)系(xi)統能(neng)(neng)夠實時(shi)監測(ce)當前(qian)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)中每個(ge)磁(ci)極(ji)的(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度，對溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度異常的(de)磁(ci)極(ji)線圈位(wei)置能(neng)(neng)夠及時(shi)準(zhun)確(que)定位(wei)，有效(xiao)節省(sheng)了(le)故(gu)障磁(ci)極(ji)的(de)排查檢修時(shi)間，提高了(le)工作效(xiao)率和(he)經濟效(xiao)益。

絕(jue)(jue)緣和機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)溫(wen)度監(jian)測(ce)是水(shui)(shui)輪(lun)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)狀態監(jian)測(ce)的(de)(de)重要(yao)方面，對于提高機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)運行(xing)可靠性(xing)和穩定性(xing)有(you)很大意義。轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)繞組(zu)(zu)(zu)匝間短路是發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)常見的(de)(de)故(gu)障(zhang)，匝間短路會(hui)(hui)形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)短路電(dian)(dian)(dian)流，導致局部過熱，故(gu)障(zhang)初期，短路匝數(shu)較少，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流較小，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)溫(wen)度較低，絕(jue)(jue)緣層雖然被(bei)燒穿，但仍存在微小間隙，不會(hui)(hui)影響機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)正常運行(xing)，同(tong)時故(gu)障(zhang)特征不明顯(xian)，難以(yi)及時監(jian)測(ce)，常常被(bei)忽略(lve)。水(shui)(shui)輪(lun)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)通(tong)過主軸與水(shui)(shui)輪(lun)機(ji)(ji)連(lian)接，是水(shui)(shui)輪(lun)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)重要(yao)組(zu)(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)部分(fen)，用熒光(guang)光(guang)纖(xian)測(ce)溫(wen)系統，精確測(ce)量(liang)水(shui)(shui)輪(lun)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)每個轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)繞組(zu)(zu)(zu)表(biao)面的(de)(de)溫(wen)度，能夠準確定位故(gu)障(zhang)磁極，并(bing)能給予圖形(xing)實時顯(xian)示(shi)和數(shu)據儲存，熒光(guang)光(guang)纖(xian)采用耐高壓的(de)(de)、低功耗、抗(kang)干擾能力強、反應迅速的(de)(de)熒光(guang)光(guang)纖(xian)測(ce)溫(wen)傳(chuan)感器測(ce)量(liang)并(bing)計算轉(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)繞組(zu)(zu)(zu)平均溫(wen)度。