油浸式變壓器(qi)壽命(ming)怎么監測

電(dian)力(li)行業設(she)備中，油(you)浸(jin)式變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)擔負(fu)著電(dian)壓(ya)、電(dian)流的(de)轉換以(yi)及(ji)功率傳輸的(de)重要作用，它性能(neng)的(de)好壞(huai)直接影響整個(ge)電(dian)力(li)系統的(de)安全穩定運行。分析、判斷和預防變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)過熱故(gu)障(zhang)已(yi)成為(wei)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)制造廠家及(ji)有(you)(you)關(guan)部(bu)門(men)都廣泛關(guan)注的(de)一個(ge)問題，至(zhi)今還沒有(you)(you)簡單(dan)且唯一的(de)壽(shou)命終止準(zhun)則可用來定量(liang)闡述(shu)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)的(de)剩余壽(shou)命。

油浸式變壓器為什么要測溫

油浸(jin)式(shi)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)性能好壞直接影(ying)響整個電力系統的(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)穩定運(yun)行(xing)。變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)由(you)于(yu)長期(qi)處在(zai)滿負荷運(yun)行(xing)狀態(tai)，又采用(yong)(yong)全(quan)封閉式(shi)結構(gou)，經常引起(qi)其各部(bu)位(wei)發(fa)熱(re)，在(zai)很多情況(kuang)下工作人員(yuan)無(wu)法(fa)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)到變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)內(nei)部(bu)某些狹(xia)小的(de)位(wei)置(zhi)，特別(bie)是無(wu)法(fa)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)經常發(fa)熱(re)的(de)繞組上的(de)溫(wen)度，如(ru)果(guo)變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)長期(qi)運(yun)行(xing)溫(wen)度過高(gao)，導(dao)致(zhi)發(fa)熱(re)部(bu)件老化(hua)，直接威脅整個電網的(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)。大(da)型電力變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)中，變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)油起(qi)著(zhu)絕緣、散熱(re)以及消弧的(de)作用(yong)(yong)，它對變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)安(an)(an)全(quan)運(yun)行(xing)起(qi)著(zhu)十分重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)作用(yong)(yong)。變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)油溫(wen)如(ru)果(guo)升(sheng)得過高(gao)，將會(hui)失(shi)去絕緣作用(yong)(yong)，造成擊穿事故(gu)，甚(shen)至影(ying)響變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)使用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命(ming)。所以變壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的(de)油溫(wen)在(zai)線監測(ce)(ce)和(he)實時調控(kong)就顯得格外重(zhong)要(yao)。

油浸式變壓器壽命和溫度的關系

電(dian)力(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)是(shi)(shi)電(dian)力(li)系統運行(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)核心設備之一(yi)(yi)，從變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)絕緣運行(xing)(xing)壽(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)命看，變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)組年(nian)平均溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)為98℃時具有(you)正常壽(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)命（20年(nian)）；當超過98℃時 ,每上(shang)升6℃ ,則變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)壽(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)命降低一(yi)(yi)半(ban)，這(zhe)就是(shi)(shi)“6度(du)(du)(du)”法則。電(dian)力(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)組溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)與(yu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)壽(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)命有(you)很大關系，因此有(you)必要對(dui)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)組溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)進行(xing)(xing)在線監測，但是(shi)(shi)直接測試繞(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)組溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)很難，一(yi)(yi)般是(shi)(shi)通過測試變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)溫(wen)(wen)，推算出繞(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)組溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)。這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)因為，變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)組平均溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)比油(you)(you)溫(wen)(wen)高(gao)10度(du)(du)(du)，因此只要測試出變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)油(you)(you)溫(wen)(wen)即可得知變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)繞(rao)(rao)(rao)(rao)組的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)。 油(you)(you)浸式(shi)電(dian)力(li)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)運行(xing)(xing)壽(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)命及(ji)負(fu)載(zai)能力(li)與(yu)油(you)(you)溫(wen)(wen)密切相關，運行(xing)(xing)在高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)情況下的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)容易因為過熱而導致早期故障。

變壓器(qi)(qi)運行(xing)溫(wen)(wen)度對(dui)于(yu)判斷變壓器(qi)(qi)運行(xing)狀態和絕緣老化(hua)程度具有(you)重要(yao)作用，是變壓器(qi)(qi)運維中(zhong)(zhong)需(xu)要(yao)密(mi)切關(guan)注的(de)一(yi)項指標(biao)。油(you)浸式變壓器(qi)(qi)是輸(shu)變電系統(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)設備，而繞組溫(wen)(wen)度直接決定其使用壽命。對(dui)于(yu)級絕緣的(de)變壓器(qi)(qi)，每(mei)增加一(yi)定的(de)溫(wen)(wen)度，絕緣老化(hua)速度增加一(yi)倍，變壓器(qi)(qi)工作壽命減少一(yi)半。

變壓器油溫怎么監測

目前國內有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)以變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)頂(ding)層(ceng)油(you)(you)溫(wen)作為(wei)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)安全(quan)(quan)運行(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)投(tou)切信號，把頂(ding)層(ceng)油(you)(you)溫(wen)作為(wei)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)監控裝(zhuang)置的(de)(de)(de)(de)判斷依(yi)據，通過監控頂(ding)層(ceng)油(you)(you)溫(wen)來保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)(quan)運行(xing)(xing)。然(ran)而(er)這種(zhong)方法(fa)有(you)許多不足之處(chu)。這是(shi)因為(wei)大容(rong)量變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)頂(ding)層(ceng)油(you)(you)溫(wen)明顯(xian)(xian)滯后(hou)于繞組油(you)(you)溫(wen)。當變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)負荷快速增(zeng)(zeng)加時(shi)，由于熱(re)傳(chuan)遞響應速度(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原因，變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)頂(ding)層(ceng)油(you)(you)溫(wen)需經數小時(shi)才能反映(ying)出(chu)繞組的(de)(de)(de)(de)工況變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化。顯(xian)(xian)然(ran)以變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)頂(ding)層(ceng)油(you)(you)溫(wen)作為(wei)保(bao)(bao)障(zhang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)安全(quan)(quan)運行(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)投(tou)切信號不能及時(shi)有(you)效地(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)(quan)可靠運行(xing)(xing)。變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)繞組溫(wen)度(du)決(jue)定(ding)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)(shou)命，對于 AA 級絕(jue)緣(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)溫(wen)度(du)， 絕(jue)緣(yuan)運行(xing)(xing)壽(shou)(shou)命一般認(ren)為(wei)遵(zun)循六(liu)度(du)法(fa)則(ze) ：年(nian)平均溫(wen)度(du)為(wei) 98℃時(shi)具(ju)有(you)正(zheng)常壽(shou)(shou)命，年(nian)平均溫(wen)度(du)每增(zeng)(zeng)加 6℃，變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)絕(jue)緣(yuan)老化速度(du)增(zeng)(zeng)加一倍，變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)(shou)命減(jian)少(shao)一半，因此變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)繞組最(zui)熱(re)點溫(wen)度(du)是(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)(quan)、經濟運行(xing)(xing)和(he)使用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)(shou)命的(de)(de)(de)(de)決(jue)定(ding)因素。

變壓器油溫表有哪些

在電(dian)力設備中目前所用(yong)的變(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)(qi)繞組(zu)測(ce)(ce)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)方法(fa)(fa)主要(yao)有熱電(dian)阻測(ce)(ce)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)、熱電(dian)耦(ou)測(ce)(ce)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)、油(you)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)表結合計(ji)算電(dian)流法(fa)(fa)測(ce)(ce)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)和紅外測(ce)(ce)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)，但繞組(zu)處于高電(dian)壓、高溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度、高磁(ci)場的特殊環(huan)境中，熱電(dian)阻、熱電(dian)耦(ou)又(you)都要(yao)用(yong)金(jin)屬(shu)導線傳輸信號，會(hui)對(dui)環(huan)境產生(sheng)電(dian)磁(ci)干擾，金(jin)屬(shu)導線長期處在油(you)內，金(jin)屬(shu)導線容(rong)(rong)易老化，容(rong)(rong)易產生(sheng)短路(lu)，紅外線測(ce)(ce)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)儀無法(fa)(fa)安裝在變(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)(qi)內只能(neng)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)變(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)(qi)的表面溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度，并(bing)且(qie)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)結果(guo)受環(huan)境溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度影(ying)響，油(you)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)表式間接(jie)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)法(fa)(fa)存(cun)在誤差大不(bu)能(neng)直接(jie)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的缺點，因此現在無法(fa)(fa)有效(xiao)地對(dui)變(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)(qi)繞組(zu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度進行測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。

油浸式變壓器光纖在線測溫系統

目前，在我國的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)(qi)領域，采(cai)用點式(shi)光(guang)纖測(ce)量變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)(qi)繞組(zu)(zu)溫(wen)度的(de)(de)方(fang)法已經逐漸得(de)到(dao)認可。光(guang)纖繞組(zu)(zu)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)(qi)測(ce)溫(wen)裝置(zhi)，可以實時(shi)監測(ce)變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)(qi)油流隨意變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)化狀(zhuang)態(tai)下(xia)的(de)(de)熱點位置(zhi)，及時(shi)發現(xian)故(gu)障和(he)安(an)全(quan)隱患，提高電(dian)力變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)(qi)運行可靠性(xing)。變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)(qi)繞組(zu)(zu)測(ce)溫(wen)裝置(zhi)能實現(xian)繞組(zu)(zu)溫(wen)度的(de)(de)在線安(an)全(quan)監測(ce)，不受變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)(qi)內極強的(de)(de)電(dian)磁干擾，而且測(ce)量精度高，解決了變(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)(qi)內部繞組(zu)(zu)溫(wen)度不能被有效測(ce)量的(de)(de)問題。